Product Name: Tetraethoxysilane-28
Synonyms: Tetraethyl orthosilicate, TEOS
Recommended Use: Chemical intermediate, sol-gel precursor, crosslinking agent
Manufacturer: Noted chemical suppliers globally distribute under varying grades
CAS Number: 78-10-4
Emergency Contact: Refer to local emergency response for chemical incidents
Contact Phone: Company-specific emergency numbers found on dedicated supplier datasheets
Address: Manufacturer address varies by distributor, always check shipment documentation
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity-single exposure (Category 3)
Hazard Statements: Causes serious eye irritation, May cause respiratory irritation, Flammable liquid and vapor
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing mist or vapor, wash thoroughly after handling, keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces, wear protective gloves, eye protection, and respiratory protection
Signal Word: Warning
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Known Symptoms: Eye and respiratory tract irritation, possible dizziness if breathing vapors
Chemical Name: Tetraethoxysilane
Concentration: 98 - 100% TEOS
Molecular Formula: Si(OC2H5)4
Molecular Weight: 208.33 g/mol
Impurities: Ethanol may be present as a hydrolysis byproduct, trace water possible
Other Additives: None typically present above reporting thresholds
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately, support breathing as needed, seek medical attention for persistent irritation or difficulty breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin thoroughly with water for 15 minutes, medical evaluation if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with large volumes of water for 15 minutes, avoid rubbing, consult physician if discomfort continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid inducing vomiting, seek medical care if swallowed
Key Information for Acute Exposure: Immediate decontamination reduces injury risk, monitor for symptoms up to 48 hours
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray (for cooling exposed containers, not direct stream)
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jet may spread liquid
Fire Hazards: Releases flammable vapors, may produce irritating or toxic fumes (silicon oxides, ethanol)
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Procedures: Evacuate area, cool containers with water from safe location, contain run-off
Combustion Products: Silicon dioxide, carbon oxides, ethanol fumes
Personal Precautions: Evacuate personnel, wear chemical-resistant gear and respirator
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, waterways, or soil
Containment: Dike large spills, absorb small spills with inert material like sand or earth
Cleanup: Shovel absorbed material into suitable containers for disposal, ventilate affected area
Notification: Report significant releases to local authorities as required
Decontamination: Wash surface with soap and water after removal
Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, keep away from open flames and hot surfaces, avoid splashing and direct contact
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands after use, avoid eating/drinking/smoking when working with chemical
Storage Requirements: Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location
Incompatible Materials: Water, acids, bases, oxidizers—risk of hydrolysis and dangerous heat/fume generation
Other Precautions: Store away from foodstuffs and incompatible chemicals, protect from moisture and ignition sources
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust or general ventilation to minimize vapor buildup
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirators when engineering controls are insufficient
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles or face shield
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), apron, lab coat
Workplace Controls: Eye wash and safety shower close by, monitor air concentrations
Occupational Exposure Limits: TWA not established for TEOS, observe limits for ethanol byproducts if present
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, ethanol-like
Melting Point: -77°C
Boiling Point: 168.1°C
Flash Point: 46°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: About 4 hPa at 20°C
Density: 0.93 g/cm³ at 25°C
Solubility: Reacts slowly with water, soluble in most organic solvents
pH: Not applicable (reacts with water to form silicic acid and ethanol)
Evaporation Rate: Moderate
Partition Coefficient: Log Kow 1.5
Viscosity: 0.9 mPa·s at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal handling and storage
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with moisture, producing ethanol and silanols, can lead to heat and pressure rise in closed systems
Conditions to Avoid: Open flames, high temperatures, moisture
Incompatible Materials: Acids, bases, oxidizers, water
Decomposition Products: Ethanol, silicon oxides
Polymerization: Not expected in normal conditions, uncontrolled hydrolysis increases pressure through ethanol release
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat) approximately 6270 mg/kg, Inhalation LC50 (rat, 4hr) >16.8 mg/l
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis, respiratory irritation
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogenic by NTP, IARC, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: No evidence of mutagenic effects in animal studies
Reproductive Effects: No reproductive toxicity observed
Eye and Respiratory Effects: Irritant to eyes, nose, throat; repeated contact leads to inflammation
Target Organs: Eyes, respiratory tract, skin
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Not acutely toxic, hydrolysis product ethanol may be toxic in large concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes rapidly to ethanol and silicic acid; ethanol is readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not expected for parent compound, ethanol not bioaccumulative
Mobility in Soil: TEOS hydrolyzes quickly, becomes immobile as silica/fume
Other Adverse Effects: Large spills may alter pH, cause oxygen depletion in waterways due to ethanol formation
Regulatory Status: Not classified as environmentally hazardous under GHS or EU criteria
Disposal Method: Dispose of in chemical waste facility following local, state, and federal requirements
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers may retain vapors—dispose as hazardous waste
Precautions: Do not pour into drains or environment
Recycling: Not suitable for recycling due to contaminant risk
Recommended Handling: Use licensed waste disposal contractor
RCRA Status: May be hazardous waste if discarded in large quantities or as part of mixed solvents
UN Number: UN1292
Proper Shipping Name: Tetraethyl orthosilicate
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Labeling Requirements: Flammable liquid
Sea Transport (IMDG): Proper documentation for marine pollutants, segregate from strong oxidizers
Air Transport (IATA): Ship only in approved containers, with required safety labeling
Special Precautions: Check compatibility with other cargo, secure containers to prevent movement or breakage
Environmental Hazard Mark: Not regulated for environmental hazard under standard guidelines
OSHA Status: Hazardous chemical as part of Workplace Hazard Communication Standard
SARA Title III: Not listed as an extremely hazardous substance
TSCA Status: Listed in the TSCA inventory for industrial use
REACH Registration: Registered for use in the European Union
Global Inventories: Listed in Australia (AICS), Canada (DSL), Japan (ENCS), Korea (KECI), China (IECSC)
Labeling According to GHS: Signal word, hazard statements, pictograms outlined above
Other National Regulations: Follow local and international rules for workplace safety, transport, disposal, and reporting significant incidents
